Evidence base

Studies on Probiotics (multi-strain)

Auto-loaded from PubMed — grouped by outcome. Each entry links to the original source.

93,536 studies total·Last updated: May 27, 2026Open on PubMed

Immune system · 5,136

Open on PubMed
  1. 01
    Dietary conjugated linoleic acid enhances resistance to Salmonella infection by promoting PPARγ-mediated metabolic reprogramming and effector function in CD8⁺ T cells
    Deng L, Wang X, Mebratie DY et al. · Gut Microbes · 2026
  2. 02
    The gut microbiome in graft-versus-host disease: mechanisms of immune modulation and therapeutic approaches
    Moses AB, Yeh AC · Gut Microbes · 2026
  3. 03
    Self-aggregating Lactiplantibacillus plantarum enhances type-I interferon responses via the cytosolic sensors NOD2 and cGAS
    Solis S, Maldonado EM, Mukhopadhyay S et al. · Gut Microbes · 2026
  4. 04
    Probiotic extracellular vesicles reprogram macrophage immunometabolism: From gut crosstalk to host health
    Li Y, Liu Y, Wei X et al. · Gut Microbes · 2026
  5. 05
    Peptidoglycan from Bifidobacterium adolescentis enhances IL-10 production in regulatory B cells to alleviate gut inflammation
    Lee S, Lee Y, Lee HS et al. · Gut Microbes · 2026
  6. 06
    Clostridium butyricum alleviates multiple myeloma by remodeling the bone marrow microenvironment and inhibiting PI3K/AKT pathway through the gut‒bone axis
    Wang J, Zi F, Liu W et al. · Gut Microbes · 2026
  7. 07
    Representative probiotic extracellular vesicles engineered with modified hyaluronic acid and tea polyphenol for enhancing bioactive stability and targeted cellular delivery
    Fang T, Liu S · Food Res Int · 2026
  8. 08
    Pediococcus pentosaceus DF29-derived extracellular vesicles ameliorate EPEC-induced intestinal injury via M2 macrophage polarization
    Pan T, Wang X, Wang Y et al. · Int Immunopharmacol · 2026
  9. 09
    A novel triterpenoid from Alisma orientale alleviates allergic asthma through the gut microbiota-acetate-FFAR2 immunoregulatory axis
    Zeng M, Feng A, Zhang B et al. · Int Immunopharmacol · 2026
  10. 10
    FlgE-TLR5 interaction and its association with immune and microbiota responses in Asian swamp eel fed Bacillus velezensis
    Nassar N, Khan IM, Khan S et al. · Fish Shellfish Immunol · 2026
  11. 11
    Enhanced utilization of okara through microbial fermentation: Isolation and immunostimulatory potential of a β-galactan
    Xu Y, Gao Y, Dong H et al. · Carbohydr Polym · 2026
  12. 12
    Bacillus velezensis-fermented postbiotics as feed additives for viral infection control in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)
    Cheng G, Jiang Z, Li S et al. · Fish Shellfish Immunol · 2026
  13. 13
    Chlorogenic acid attenuates rheumatoid arthritis by modulating immunity via the gut microbiota-derived metabolite indolelactic acid
    Zhang L, Gao H, Xue G et al. · Int Immunopharmacol · 2026
  14. 14
    Oral immunization of largemouth bass with recombinant Bacillus methylotrophicus expressing LMBV MCP induces protective immune responses
    Li J, Ma L, Yang Q et al. · Fish Shellfish Immunol · 2026
  15. 15
    Chitooligosaccharides enhance T-cell immunity via supporting the dominant growth of β-1,4-glycosidase-expressing Lactobacillus spp. in mice
    Fang H, Naveed M, Liu H et al. · Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj · 2026
  16. 16
    Lipoteichoic acid as a key wound healing mediator in Gram-positive bacteria
    Lee JS, Park OJ, Kim KW et al. · Biochem Pharmacol · 2026
  17. 17
    Synbiotic Bactecal® reduces airway obstruction, sputum eosinophils and IL-4 but increases sputum IL-8 in patients with uncontrolled asthma
    Moermans C, Graff S, Medard L et al. · Cytokine · 2026RCT
  18. 18
    Rearing substrate modulates mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) bioactivity: Implications for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) innate immune and oxidative status
    Amaral D, Girão M, Cavalheri T et al. · Fish Shellfish Immunol · 2026
  19. 19
    Horse immune response of recombinant Lawsonia intracellularis vaccine: Assessing the immunomodulatory impact of probiotic supplementation
    Conrad NL, Mazzoleni I, Abreu MC et al. · Res Vet Sci · 2026
  20. 20
    Enhancing immune protection in dairy cattle: role of Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 in boosting the efficacy of a Mycoplasma bovis-BoAHV-1 combined vaccine
    Zhang S, Liu G, Chen J et al. · mSphere · 2026
  21. 21
    Bacterial specificity of the gut microbiome predicts bone density in primary hyperparathyroidism
    Dar HY, Fang J, Patil S et al. · Bone Res · 2026
  22. 22
    Tryptophan Metabolism at the Crossroads of Immunity, Barrier Function, and the Microbiome in Atopic Dermatitis
    Tan Y, Peng G, Abudouwanli A et al. · Clin Rev Allergy Immunol · 2026
  23. 23
    Modulation of the gut-lung axis by probiotic VSL#3 alleviates acute lung injury via restricting NETosis in sepsis
    Li Y, Han J, Yang Y et al. · Biochem Biophys Res Commun · 2026
  24. 24
    [Fecal microbiota transplantation inhibits colonic tumor growth in mice by suppressing the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway]
    Zhang J, Bai J, Ren X et al. · Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao · 2026
  25. 25
    Systemic translocation of Staphylococcus aureus promotes autoimmunity: implications in autoantibody-mediated poor immune reconstitution from antiretroviral therapy in HIV
    Cheng D, Luo Z, Ning W et al. · J Virol · 2026

Metabolic health · 1,884

Open on PubMed
  1. 01
    Gut microbiome and metabolic health: mechanisms and precision interventions
    Li Z, Samui S, Liu J et al. · Gut Microbes · 2026
  2. 02
    Diet, gut microbiome, and type 1 diabetes: from risk to translational opportunity
    Girdhar K, Dedrick S, Rhodes L et al. · Gut Microbes · 2026
  3. 03
    The mechanism of Gei Herba against type 2 diabetes mellitus: an integration of gut microbiota and network pharmacology analysis
    Zhang XM, Zhou HM, Wang WX et al. · Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol · 2026
  4. 04
    Short-chain fatty acid-producing probiotics: an effective approach for modulating gut dysbiosis and mitigating inflammatory responses
    Mahooti M, Safaei F, Abdolalipour E et al. · Microb Pathog · 2026
  5. 05
    Effect of dietary nutrient supplementation on birth outcomes in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus: A network metaanalysis
    Jia X, Gao G, Yan S · Nutrition · 2026Meta
  6. 06
    Propyl gallate mitigates diabetic liver injury via suppressing SLC7A11/GPX4-mediated hepatic ferroptosis and modulating gut-liver axis
    Zhang Z, Jiao S, Wang H et al. · Biochem Pharmacol · 2026
  7. 07
    Gut microbiota-mediated metabolic dysregulation in type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome: emerging therapeutic targets beyond glycaemic control
    Sharma H, Tyagi S, Verma S et al. · Diabetes Res Clin Pract · 2026
  8. 08
    Prevalence of Parabacteroides distasonis in Aleppo governorate and its antibiotic susceptibility profile
    Al-Anssari M, Tahan ZS · Infect Genet Evol · 2026
  9. 09
    Gut microbiota-modulating interventions in paediatric type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Llopis-Alonso I, Correa-Bares M, Mercader-Ros MT et al. · Eur J Pediatr · 2026SR
  10. 10
    Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis in Metabolic Syndrome: Current Evidence and Emerging Perspectives
    Shehata F, Dwyer KM, McGee SL et al. · Nutrients · 2026
  11. 11
    Effect of probiotics derivatives (postbiotics and metabiotics) on glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes: a randomized clinical trial (DELI_Diab study)
    Savytska M, Baka O, Manzhalii E et al. · Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) · 2026RCT
  12. 12
    Nutraceutical Potential of Fermented Finger Millet in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
    Tawde P, Jha P · J Food Sci · 2026
  13. 13
    Multi-strain probiotic enhances metformin tolerance by modulating gut microbiome and bile acid pathways: Insight from multi-omics post-hoc analysis (ProGasMet trial)
    Kwiendacz H, Cembrowska-Lech D, Skonieczna-Żydecka K et al. · Biomed Pharmacother · 2026RCT
  14. 14
    Pharmacological and metabolic effects of Bifidobacterium triple viable capsules and Five-animal Play in patients with impaired glucose tolerance
    Yang Y, Gan X, Xiao Q et al. · Pak J Pharm Sci · 2026RCT
  15. 15
    Gut microbiota-mediated branched-chain amino acid metabolism: A novel mechanism by which Bacteroides uniformis improves type 2 diabetes mellitus
    Zhang Y, Cai Y, Li X et al. · Diabetes Obes Metab · 2026
  16. 16
    Topical application of Clostridium butyricum by an anaerobic hydrogel for accelerated diabetic wound healing through selective bacteria inhibition and ROS scavenging
    Shen H, Chen J, Zheng W et al. · Eur J Pharm Biopharm · 2026
  17. 17
    Structure-function relationship of polysaccharides derived from Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae 'Chachiensis': highlighting the effects on metabolic syndrome by regulating gut microbiota
    Huang G, Li B, Li C et al. · Carbohydr Polym · 2026
  18. 18
    Elucidating the Probiotic Potential of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium Species in Modulating Glucose Metabolism and Inflammation in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Scoping Review
    Uzair SA, Ajeesh A, Ahmed SH et al. · Nutr Rev · 2026
  19. 19
    Effect of different kefir dosages on inflammation status, metabolic profile, and anthropometric measurements in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    Hamsho M, Hawari R, Yeşil Z et al. · Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis · 2026SR
  20. 20
    Post-transplant diabetes mellitus after kidney transplantation: pathogenesis, risk factors, and management strategies
    Long J, Zhao J, Gu X et al. · Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) · 2026
  21. 21
    Material basis and mechanism of Tangzhiqing in alleviating diabetic atherosclerosis: integrated serum pharmacochemistry, pharmacokinetics, metabolomics, bile acid profiling and 16S rRNA sequencing study
    Gao X, Wang F, Duan H et al. · J Ethnopharmacol · 2026
  22. 22
    Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) extract alleviates gestational diabetes mellitus by coordinating TGR5/FXR signaling via a gut microbiota-bile acid axis
    Jiang S, Meng Q, Jiang C et al. · Food Funct · 2026
  23. 23
    Bioprinted dressing with symbiotic microbes for oxygen supply and antibacterial therapy for enhanced diabetic wound healing
    Lin K, Xu H, Liu H et al. · J Control Release · 2026
  24. 24
    Indole-3-propionic acid links gut dysfunction to diabetic retinopathy: a biomarker and novel therapeutic approach
    Prasad R, Adu-Rutledge Y, Ziani B et al. · Gut · 2026
  25. 25
    Effects of probiotic supplementation on glycemic control in children with type 1 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    Su Y, Sun M, Huang Q et al. · J Int Med Res · 2026SR

Longevity & aging · 650

Open on PubMed
  1. 01
    Clostridium butyricum and its metabolite spermidine delay cognitive decline during natural brain aging by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress
    Wu S, Zhang J, Yin Y et al. · Behav Brain Res · 2026
  2. 02
    Immunosenescence and Vaccine Efficacy in Aging: Dynamic Interplay of Gut Microbiota and mTOR Signaling Pathways
    Li J, Zhang Y, Yu D et al. · Aging Cell · 2026
  3. 03
    Lactobacillus-derived extracellular vesicles as postbiotic modulators of redox signalling and cellular senescence in skin homeostasis
    Amico MD, Skowron M, Centkowska K et al. · Biomed Pharmacother · 2026
  4. 04
    Two novel indigenous Levilactobacillus brevis probiotic strains MKMB04 and MKMB05 enhance longevity and protect intestinal barrier function through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms
    Singh CT, Devi MB, Akhtar I et al. · Biomed Pharmacother · 2026
  5. 05
    Gut Microbiota-Linked Benefits of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Rejuvenate the Ageing Muscle
    Jhuang JH, Lan KC, Chang TY et al. · J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle · 2026
  6. 06
    Enhancing Quercetin Bioavailability Attenuates Aging Phenotypes via the Gut Microbiota-Intestinal Barrier Axis in Aged Mice
    Naito Y, Mizushima K, Inoue R et al. · Nutrients · 2026
  7. 07
    Lactobacillus paracasei L9 Improves Amino Acid Absorption in Aged Mice via Enhanced LAT2 Expression Through the Akt/mTOR Pathway
    Li W, Qiu L, Huang Q et al. · Nutrients · 2026
  8. 08
    Effects of a Plant-Derived Protein Diet Supplemented With Multi-Strain Probiotics on Muscle Mass, Muscle Strength, and Gut Microbiota in Aged Rats
    Xu D, Xu Q, Lu J et al. · Mol Nutr Food Res · 2026
  9. 09
    Advocating gut-retina connection and microbiota mediated pathways in management of age-related macular degeneration: Preclinical to clinical perspective
    Waghmare PV, Kolekar KA, Bashir B et al. · Ageing Res Rev · 2026
  10. 10
    Integrated omics analysis reveals the age-dependent dynamic changes of gut microbiota and metabolites in layer chickens
    Su Y, Mai X, Wang Z et al. · Poult Sci · 2026
  11. 11
    Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles in Aging: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Prospects
    Tan J, Zubair M, Zhang L et al. · Int J Nanomedicine · 2026
  12. 12
    Enhanced Antiaging Effect of Fermented Ginseng through Biotransformation of Protopanaxadiol (PPD)-Type Ginsenosides to PPD
    Huang X, Li J, Naveed M et al. · J Agric Food Chem · 2026
  13. 13
    Targeting immunosenescence in lung diseases: mechanistic insights and clinical interventions
    Zhang Y, Yu X, Li P et al. · BMC Med · 2026
  14. 14
    Effect of bedrest on the human gut and oral microbiome: implications for frailty
    Alvaro-Fuss M, DeClercq V, Blodgett JM et al. · Exp Gerontol · 2026RCT
  15. 15
    A gut microbiota-stem cell axis mediates the anti-intestinal aging effect of fucoidan from Apostichopus japonicus
    Sun H, Wei B, Chang Y et al. · J Sci Food Agric · 2026
  16. 16
    Postbiotics and the gut-brain axis: A mechanistic review on modulating neuroinflammation and cognitive aging
    Lahariya R, Anand G, Kumari B et al. · J Neuroimmunol · 2026
  17. 17
    The aging gut-glia-immune axis in alzheimer's disease: microbiome-derived mediators of neuroinflammation and therapeutic innovation
    Mir PA, Kumar N, Bhutia GT et al. · Geroscience · 2026
  18. 18
    Impacts of exercise, renin-angiotensin system modulation or both on skeletal muscle circadian gene expression
    Zumbro EL, Baptista LC, Taylor T et al. · Exp Physiol · 2026
  19. 19
    A Multi-Organ Atlas Links Gut Microbial Metabolites to Systemic Redox Changes in Aging Mice
    Sajid S, Huang J, Kong S et al. · Aging Cell · 2026
  20. 20
    Interweaving microglial senescence and gut microbiome dynamics in Alzheimer's disease - Mechanisms and therapeutic frontiers
    Waghmare A, Rahangdale S, Khare K et al. · Mol Cell Neurosci · 2026
  21. 21
    Probiotics and aging: Impacts on cognitive function, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, inflammation, and antioxidant activity. A systematic review and meta-analysis
    Handajani YS, Turana Y, Hengky A et al. · J Alzheimers Dis · 2026SR
  22. 22
    Dietary oxidized Trichiurus lepturus protein exacerbates aging in Drosophila melanogaster by disrupting metabolic homeostasis and gut microbiota
    Su Y, Liu XQ, Huang JY et al. · Food Chem · 2026
  23. 23
    The gut microbiota dysbiosis in geriatric multimorbidity: Pharmacotherapeutic implications, pathophysiological mechanisms, and precision modulation strategies
    Yang D, Ren D, Zhang Y et al. · Ageing Res Rev · 2026
  24. 24
    Ophiopogon polysaccharide can improve memory impairment induced by sleep deprivation in aged rats by regulating gut microbiota and inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB pathway in hippocampus
    Zhou M, Yang Y, Wang S et al. · Exp Neurol · 2026
  25. 25
    An integrated analysis of spinal cord transcriptome and gut microbiome unravel age-associated host-microbiome interactions following spinal cord injury
    Jing Y, Bai F, Li Z et al. · Front Immunol · 2026